29 Jun 2025

29 Jun 25 - A Wildlife Addiction - Bird Books

As many Birders and Wildlife enthusiasts will confirm, their Wildlife interests can be addictive. A few weeks ago, local Birder Martin Wood posted the following tweet on Bluesky.
The Bluesky Tweet that started everything
This included the text "Nature book challenge. A book per day, in no particular order, until you've shared all of the best nature, environment and conservation books in your personal library. No explanations, no reviews, just covers!". In this Blog Post, I get to explain some of the books I've been tweeting about in response to Martin's tweet.
The AA Book of the British Countryside: My first general Wildlife book, which covered Birds, Insects, Flowers and anything else relating to the countryside
The AA Book of the British Countryside: The pages contained an A to Z of the British countryside
Martin's tweet tapped straight into my Bird book addiction. I've always loved books since I was a small kid. Early in my student days at Southampton University, I visited both the University library and the main city library. However, both left me feeling they didn't have that many good Bird and Wildlife books. But the reality was there were few decent Bird field guides or handbooks in those early days to stock. Additionally, any good guides couldn't be kept out on constant loan for reference purposes.
My early UK field guides and handbooks: There was also The Birds of the Western Palearctic. But that was beyond my student budget and new volumes were appearing too slowly to be useful, especially for tricky Passerines
There was only one answer to this problem: to start my own Bird and Wildlife book collection. By my second year, I had discovered a local secondhand book shop close to my student accommodation. I was a frequent visitor and occasionally, I left with some good books. But the size of the library at that point was constrained by the reality of having to survive on a student grant.
My first New World book: In hindsight, one of the few books I bought where the three quid I paid for it would have been better spent on booze
The mid-80s, saw the first of the Croom Helm monographs, when the Seabirds book was published.
The first edition of the Seabirds book: This volume is a bit battered after taking it on an extended two month trip to Australia and New Zealand. We decided that the existing field guides were inadequate for some of the Seabirds we were hoping to see
Over the next couple of decades there were several new family monographs published each year: virtually all of which were quickly snapped up. Knowing a mate who could source them at about thirty percent discount certainly helped in those days and I was also able to include quite a few other friends in those book orders.
The Seabirds book was the start of a lot of excellent family monographs from Croom Helm, Pica Press, OUP and Poyser
But there were some other significant family monographs available in the late 80s that were worth buying. Occasional visits to some of the top London bookshops helped, as well as, buying books at Oriental Bird Club meetings. The family monographs really helped as they provided a world view of a family or group of families, which helped to fill the gaps caused by some of the poor quality field guides that were the only option in those early days.
Parrots of the World: This is one of my favourite Bird books thanks to the great plates by William T Cooper, who is one of my favourite Bird artists
The Kea plate by William T Cooper: This book was published in the days before the current generation of excellent artists
By the late 80s, I was planning to give up my job in Autumn 1990 and go travelling around the world with my mate, Keith Turner. The logistics of that trip were complex. Firstly, there was the obvious one of deciding on a route. Next was pouring through many tens of Bird reports to condense that information into a couple of master notebooks of sites and species to target. But the other problem was the number of field guides we needed to carry. We made that a bit easier by planning a four month African and Madagascan leg, before returning to the UK.
Three of the four guides we used on the African leg: The book with the dull cover is the bulky, but not too heavy, Mackworth Praed and Grant West African Passerine handbook. This was useful when we visited Rwanda and the South West corner of Zaire: a corner of a country that hasn't been safe to visit for most of the last thirty-five years. The fourth book was Keith's French plates for the Birds of Madagascar. This was another country which didn't have a field guide in 1990. I also took an invaluable distribution guide for Madagascar
We starting again with the India Subcontinent, South East Asia, Hong Kong, Indonesian and Australian leg. Along the way, a trip into China was added. The logistics of weight were helped by the lack of the decent field guides we needed to carry and we could split those field guides between the two of us. To help with weight they were posted home after we had finished using them. Keith & I were able to spend a lot more time in each country before moving to the next country and this allowed us to build up a lot more experience of the Birds to make up for the poor quality of the field guides. We were also carrying photos of some of the plates from the first family monographs, as well as, from other field guides that we too heavy to carry.
Field guides for fifteen months Birding from India and Nepal, Hong Kong, China, to South East Asia, Indonesia and Australia
The country that presented the largest challenge was Indonesia. We visited Indonesia, including Irian Jaya (now West Papua) when few Birders had travelled away from Java and Bali. We covered all the main islands over three extended trips totally sixteen weeks. The only part of Indonesia we skipped was Kalimantan, as we spent about six weeks in Sabah over two trips. Irian Jaya should have been longer for me, but a motorbike accident left me unable to consider a second major trek to Wamena. The biggest challenge at the time was Wallacea, as the only available book was the BOU Checklist for Wallacea, with no descriptions or illustrations. There was no field guide for any of these endemic rich islands in those days.
The excellent BOU Checklist to Wallacea
We had a couple of useful reports for each of the main islands, there were few options in each family on any island and where there were options, the BOU Checklist provided details on locations, elevations etc. This was helped by a few sketches in a couple of the reports we had. I was taking descriptions of every species and when I checked all those descriptions against the excellent Birds of the Indonesian Archipelago, I found only two or three species that we had misidentified.
The excellent Birds of the Indonesian Archipelago: This is one of my favourite field guides
By the start of the millennium, I had itchy feet and I decided I needed to go travelling again on another long trip. Fortunately, I was aware that IBM would allow employees to request up to a year of sabbatical leave. My plan was to travel for a year from Oct 2001 to the Philippines, New Zealand and its Subantarctic Islands, to zig-zag across multiple Pacific islands before reaching the New World: with stops in Mexico, Costa Rica, Peru and Chile. Fortunately, all of these countries had a field guide, but I was also carrying laminated photos of plates from other useful handbooks like The Birds of South America and The Birds of the High Andes. This was an enhancement on the original photos I had carried on previous trips. Whilst heavier and bulkier, they were waterproof, which the original photos weren't.
The Birds of South America: It was good that they started on the Passerine volumes, but a pity they never published the Non Passerine volumes
The Birds of the High Andes: This is another excellent handbook but too heavy and expensive to put in a rucksack
Around this time, the wonderful Handbook of the Birds of the World started being published. When I travelled to Brazil in 2004, we were carrying laminated scanned images of all the relevant plates from those volumes that had been published, as Sick's Brazil guide was so poor. But I wasn't going to wait for a decent field guide as I was wanting to see a Sharpbill: which was the only Bird family I hadn't seen by that point. That at least was easy to identify, albeit we probably threw one of two more tricky species away, due to the lack of a decent field guide. Unfortunately, since that date, about another fifteen Bird families have been split and there are still eight I've yet to connect with: but that's another story.
The excellent Handbook of the Birds of the World series
Moving closer to the current date, Birders have it easy these days as virtually every country now has an excellent field guide for the country or region, not to mention a plethora of tour operators and guides to take them around their chosen country. Albeit trying to follow the same route that we covered in the 1990 - 1992 Round the World trip, would result in bags being vastly heavier than the average of about forty-five kilos we somehow managed to smuggle past the airport check-in staff. I won't photograph any of these modern field guides, as they can easily be found in any of the online sites selling decent Bird books today.
The Birding Frontiers Challenge Series from the late Martin Garner is another excellent series: It was a real loss to the Birding community to lose Martin and a shame that nobody was brought in to continue this series
Another interesting and unique book concept came from the Sound Approach. This series of Bird books focused on European species and their vocalisations. The books came with CDs, so you could listen to the songs of the species they were discussing.
The Sound Approach books
Another ground-breaking series came from Bob Flood and Ashley Fisher, where the books are packed with detailed information, good photos and accompanying DVDs containing videos at sea.
The Seabird series from Bob Flood and Ashley Fisher
I will end this Blog Post with another favourite Bird book: the sixteen inch high Birds of Paradise and Bower Birds, which is another book illustrated by William T Cooper.
The Birds of Paradise and Bower Birds
The Wilson's Bird of Paradise plate: This remains the best Bird I've seen, despite only watching a sub-adult male displaying. Keith & I were some of the first independent Birders to go looking for Wilson's Bird of Paradise and before any of the tour companies started taking punters into the area
There are plenty of other Wildlife books in the library. I will cover some of them in the next Blog Post.

21 Jun 2025

21 Jun 25 - Completing The British Breeding Damselfly Set

I was up early after a good night's sleep in the Focus Hotel in the Loch Garten area. This gave me time for a leisurely breakfast, while allowing some time for the Northern Damselflies to get moving. The first stop was this pool close to the Loch Garten Osprey centre.
The pool close to the Loch Garten Osprey centre
There were a few active Northern Damselflies when I arrived. But none were particularly close to the boardwalk that provides access to the pool.
Northern Damselfly: Male. Unlike the other blue Damselflies they hold their wings in this part-opened position when resting. The only other Damselfly species that occurs this far North is Common Blue Damselfly and the wing posture is a quick way to separate the two species
Northern Damselfly: Male. Note the distinctive black arrow-head markings on segment two. They always have black lines at the side of this marking, but the length of these markings can vary
Northern Damselfly: Male. Sometimes, the black lines at the sides on segment two can be broken
Northern Damselfly: Male doing some Damselfly gymnastics
Northern Damselfly: Preparing for the next generation
There were a few Large Red Damselflies, an Emerald Damselfly and good numbers of Four-spotted Chasers around the pool.
Large Red Damselfly: Nice and easy to identify as its smaller cousin, Small Red Damselfly doesn't occur in Scotland
Large Red Damselfly
Large Red Damselfly
Emerald Damselfly: Teneral. Currently, this is the only Emerald Damselfly species in Scotland, but Willow Emerald Damselfly might reach the border in the next few years
Four-spotted Chaser: An incredibly tatty individual
The next stop was a small pond next to the junction of the Tulloch Moor and Loch Garten roads. This is a good site for White-faced Darters and I wasn't disappointed.
White-faced Darter: Male
White-faced Darter: Male
White-faced Darter
By late morning, it was time to head for Oban. While I had been in Scotland, there was an appeal for a replacement surveyor on the ORCA survey from Oban to Colonsay, Coll and Tiree. Later that day, I had confirmation that I was part of the team. I had a good journey back to Spean Bridge before heading South for Oban. The highlight of the drive was passing Castle Stalker. It is another Scottish Castle that has been built on a small island. It dates from around 1450 on the site of an earlier fortified building.
Castle Stalker: The Castle is about twenty miles North of Oban
Castle Stalker: The castle has been fully renovated and there are regular tours for small groups around it. A proper visit might be fun if I'm in the Oban area again
After getting some food in Oban, I looked for somewhere to park the car for the night. I ended up finding a layby next to sea loch just North of Knipoch. This proved a good choose with a bonus hunting Osprey seen, while I was catching up with some notes in the carb. Soon afterwards, it started to rain. This was a good excuse to turn in early, as I was expected at the Oban ferry terminal at 06:15. To allow time for breakfast and to get to the terminal, the alarm was set for about 04:30. However, I received an even earlier text that morning from the ORCA Team Leader, Bill Anderson, saying the departure time had been pushed back. The schedule had been changed to only visit the Coll and Tiree, whilst skipping the final Oban to Colonsay return trip. The ship's crew had been involved in a search and rescue operation the previous day, after an empty kayak had been found at sea. There were fears that the kayaker was still in the water. Despite a lot of looking, the search teams failed to find anything. The search was called off when the irresponsible owner of the kayak popped up on social media to ask if anybody had found the kayak that he had lost. He didn't have the common sense to inform the coastguards in a timely fashion about the loss. I hope the coastguards read the kayaker the riot act for his stupidity.
Oban: It looked like a very overcast morning for the ORCA survey, after a night of heavy rain
I arrived with plenty of spare time at the Oban terminal to meet Bill, as well as, the other surveyors, Connie Remmix and Hannah Drummond. The survey route passes along the narrow Sound of Mull Channel between Mull and the Ardnamurchan Peninsula, before reaching the open sea. The first stop was Coll, where we quickly unloaded and loaded passengers, before heading onto Tiree. We stopped again at Coll on the way back to Oban. Had we included Colonsay, it would have been over fourteen hours on the ferry. With Colonsay removed, it was a more pleasant ten hours.
The CalMac Clansman
It was raining again as we returned into Oban: But it had been largely dry, once we reached the open sea before the Sound of Mull Channel
The weather forecast for the following few days was for more wet and windy weather on the Scottish West Coast. In light of the weather forecast and only being a couple of hours away from Glasgow, I decided it was time to start heading home. We off the ferry soon after seven in the evening and I set the sat nav for my usual layby in the Lakes. I finally reached Lakes around one in the morning and settled down for a final night in the Focus Hotel, before the rest of the drive South. It had been a good Scottish trip, with three excellent ORCA surveys and the chance to see three of the four Scottish speciality Dragonflies (albeit one is now downgraded to a subspecies). It was also good to see some more White-faced Darters: a species I had only seen once before the Scottish trip. I will be back for more ORCA surveys to the Western Isles and to hopefully see an Azure Hawker or two.

20 Jun 2025

20 Jun 25 - Searching For Shiny Emeralds

I had managed to see Highland Darters, now a subspecies of Common Darter, as well as, Common Hawker and Golden-ringed Dragonfly in the Beinn Eighe area. All of these species had eluded me on my first visit during overcast conditions before the ORCA surveys. So, it was good that the sun had emerged and encouraged them to start flying. However, I was still looking for my first Northern Emerald. The problem is on sunny conditions, Emeralds love to fly at tree-top levels. There were at least three appearing erratically over the area where the Hawkers were flying. My early encounters were not hopefully and I can only label them as Emerald sp.
Emerald sp.: I presume this and the other photos in flight are Northern Emeralds. However, as all are flying away, it isn't possible to see their diagnostic yellow facial markings
Emerald sp.: The Dudley et al site guide only lists Northern Emerald for this site. But I needed to see a perched individual to be happy I had seen a Northern Emerald. After having seen a perched Male, then this looks like a Male Northern Emerald based upon the very pinched waist
Emerald sp.: Like the other aerial photos, this Emerald was flying at tree-top levels. After having seen a perched Male, then this looks like a Male Northern Emerald based upon the very pinched waist
Finally, one of the others spotted a Northern Emerald that had landed.
Northern Emerald: Female. Females have a broad abdomen with orange spots on segments 1 - 3 of the abdomen, whereas Brilliant Emerald has yellow spots. Downy Emeralds are not spotted on these segments
Northern Emerald: Female. All three species of Emerald have bright green eyes, but teneral individuals will show brown eyes
A second individual landed later in the afternoon: this was a Male.
Northern Emerald: Male. Males have these Earwig-like anal appendages and a very narrow waist. Male Downy Emerald has a less pinched waist and outwardly pointing anal appendages
A Dorset Downy Emerald for comparison: Morden Bog (26 May 13)
A Brilliant Emerald for comparison: Male. Esher Common (13 Jun 14)
It was still warm and sunny around late-afternoon, and I decided it was time to leave and head across to the Loch Garton area. This had several sites for Northern Damselfly which was my last British breeding Damselfly. Although the forecast was for the sunny weather to continue the following day, I gambled that the currently weather might last into the evening. It was about seven in the early evening by the time I arrived. As soon as I got out of the car, I could feel the temperature had probably dropped too low for the Northern Damselflies to still be active. I checked a couple of nearby sites and there was no Damselfly activity. Still I could get an early night in the Focus Hotel, after a number of recent long days and be fresh for the following morning.
Common Lizard: The Northern Damselflies might have gone to roost, but this Common Lizard was still active

20 Jun 25 - Highland Hawkers

I was back in the Beinn Eighe area looking for the Scottish Dragonflies I hadn't seen. By late-morning, I had been given directions behind the Beinn Eighe Visitor's Centre, for some flying Azure Hawkers and Northern Emeralds. They were generally flying high, but had come down to ground level as it cooled down on the previous afternoon. It sounded like it could be a long wait. The first Dragonfly species I saw along the track were a couple of Highland Darters. This had been a bonus, as I wasn't expecting them to be flying until the end of the month. The next Dragonfly was a showy Golden-ringed Dragonfly.
Golden-ringed Dragonfly: The first large Dragonfly was another Golden-ringed Dragonfly
I was watching the area with John Rayner: a Manchester-based Birder and Dragonfly watcher. There were one or two Hawkers occasionally appearing in flight around the Conifer tree tops. After about twenty minutes, we saw one land in a small Conifer about two feet off the ground. It stayed long enough to grabbed some photos. Unfortunately, it decided it get back on the wing before we had the chance to get a bit closer. At the time, we thought it looked good for an Azure Hawker. However, the following day, John showed the photo to others and then the Western Ross Dragonfly Recorder, who confirmed it was a blue form Female Common Hawker.
Common Hawker: Blue form Female Common Hawker. We thought it was an Azure Hawker based upon the narrow antehumeral stripes
A few minutes after seeing this Hawker, Sean Browne and his mate Nige appeared. I hadn't seen Sean since the Atlantic Odyssey trip in 2018 and it was good to catch up with him again. They had managed to see a perched Northern Emerald, as well as, several other high-flying Emeralds, but no Azure Hawkers. We carried on looking for the next couple of hours. At one point, two Hawkers got into an aerial tussle which resulted in both ending up at ground level. One just managed to avoid the bushes. I managed to get a photo of it before it disappeared: it proved to be a Common Hawker. The second ended up crashing into the bushes and I managed to carefully grab it before it recovered. This was another Common Hawker.
The first Common Hawker: No amount of sharpening will improve this photo. However, it is good enough to show the broader antehumeral stripes on the paler brown thorax
Having thought I had seen both of the Hawkers in this part of the Highlands, I was focusing on the high-flying Emeralds: which I will cover in the next Blog Post.